Here's a topic I rarely touch on: aesthetics. I was holiday shopping with my mom at Sephora, a cosmetics store similar to ULTA. She was looking for a particular brand of perfume. I wasn't looking around for anything since I rarely wear makeup or care to search for any beauty products for myself. Naturally, this left me to observe the handful of young and old women employees. They were all in the same uniform: black dress pants and blouse, most with very high heels. Their hair was either straightened or curled, nothing was natural. Most lips were glamoured with various shades of red lipstick and their eyes heavily brushed with shadow and mascara.
Don't get me wrong- they all looked pretty. But that is the point of makeup, right? Makeup for women is supposed to lift self-esteem and enhance the face. But sometimes I wonder what those women actually look like. They signed up to doll themselves up everyday, which would be a fun job, but I wonder if they ever get tired of having to put on all that makeup and dress like that everyday? I wish I could ask them how they feel when they wake up in the morning and look in the mirror. Is putting on makeup a way of hiding oneself from others? Is it a way to hide from oneself?
To what extent does modern culture affect the way young women choose to dress themselves? At beauty product stores like Sephora, most young women enter seaching for a product that will help them look better. Of course the employees need to display their products by putting it on themselves, but how much does it affect their customers? Do teenagers feel pressured to look like these women?
I also wonder how much this drives sales. My guess is that the women employees in the store who flaunt their products on their own bodies, convince their customers enough to buy those products and more. What I find most interesting however is that one look at a person can unconsciously have an effect on your own personal ways and habits.
Friday, December 30, 2011
Tuesday, December 13, 2011
"What a day for a daydream"
http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-power-daydreaming/201001/how-work-your-daydreams
"I've been havin’ a sweet dream
I been dreamin’ since I woke up today
It’s starrin’ me and my sweet dream
Cause she's the one that makes me feel this way..." -Lovin Spoonful
Sometimes I catch my mind drifting, slowly but surely detaching itself from the present when suddenly and abruptly it's interrupted by reality. I daydream, like most people, about many different things. I'll think about what would happen if I were to just stand up on a table in the middle of a lecture and curse the teacher. Would anyone laugh? What would the expression on my teacher's face be? Would I ever actually have the guts to do it? But really, I have thought about this several times during some boring lectures. It's a thought that keeps me entertained and more importantly, awake.
Often times however, I daydream about very emotional experiences. Yesterday was the 3 year death anniversary of my grandma. Throughout that whole dreadful Monday, my mind kept wandering to the events that surrounded that same day 3 years previous. During all my morning classes, I could almost smell the flowers, feel the cold marble floor of the basilica under my feet, see a procession of cars all with the same red flag on their antennas, and practically hear my own weeping. A wave of sorrow took over me. Daydreams can be both positive and negative, and are powerful all the same.
"I've been havin’ a sweet dream
I been dreamin’ since I woke up today
It’s starrin’ me and my sweet dream
Cause she's the one that makes me feel this way..." -Lovin Spoonful
Sometimes I catch my mind drifting, slowly but surely detaching itself from the present when suddenly and abruptly it's interrupted by reality. I daydream, like most people, about many different things. I'll think about what would happen if I were to just stand up on a table in the middle of a lecture and curse the teacher. Would anyone laugh? What would the expression on my teacher's face be? Would I ever actually have the guts to do it? But really, I have thought about this several times during some boring lectures. It's a thought that keeps me entertained and more importantly, awake.
Often times however, I daydream about very emotional experiences. Yesterday was the 3 year death anniversary of my grandma. Throughout that whole dreadful Monday, my mind kept wandering to the events that surrounded that same day 3 years previous. During all my morning classes, I could almost smell the flowers, feel the cold marble floor of the basilica under my feet, see a procession of cars all with the same red flag on their antennas, and practically hear my own weeping. A wave of sorrow took over me. Daydreams can be both positive and negative, and are powerful all the same.
Thursday, December 8, 2011
Six Degrees of Separation
Today, our resource informationalist at school was providing us with various tools to use to best maximize our reader pool when blogging. I was curious to know whether or not my friends were the only ones reading my blogs. So on this blog, The Blak Umbrella, I was looking under the "Stats" tab and found that people from the U.S., Germany, Russia, and even 1 person from Malaysia read, or at least stumbled upon, my blog at one point. As a result, this ultimately got me thinking about the world's interconnectedness. Ostensibly, the internet can have two people across the world connected within a matter of several button pushings and mouse clickings. It's becoming easier and easier to connect with strangers.
For example, chatroulette is a website that allows one to video chat with strangers. At the push of a button, a new stranger will appear.
Omegle is a website where one can simply have a conversation with a stranger. It's like facebook chat except there are no user names, no pictures of you, no webcams, and the amount of personal information you choose to give out is up to your own discretion.
The scary thing is how easy it is to utilize these social websites. You don't need to sign up for anything, nor create a profile. Anyone and everyone can access it as anonymously as they want.
Here's a fun fact that I heard awhile back (not sure if it's true): you pass a person at least 7 times before actually meeting them. I constantly think about this idea when I meet someone new: how many times have I passed you before in my life? This weekend I just met a volleyball coach at a coaching clinic. He looked very familiar and I couldn't help thinking: how many times have our teams been in the same tournaments? Did you go watch USA play Poland this summer too? Were you sitting in front of me? And then another question: do you know my uncle (who is a volleyball coach too)?
I wondered if he knew my uncle because the volleyball world is so small and I couldn't understand where I knew him from. Then I played a game with myself: I wonder how many degrees of separation there is between him and I. Who does he know who has a friend who has a friend who has a friend who is friends with me?
This summer in the magazine Muse, I read about the idea of the six degrees of separation on Facebook. If you were to pick any stranger in the world on facebook, you could most likely find a friend of theirs who has a friend who has a friend (and so on for six times) who is friends with you. I think this theory might be true, especially since I've befriended people on Facebook who live across the country and and yet we have at least 1 mutual friend. If I were to befriend someone from Denmark, I think it could be possible to have on average, a sixth degree of separation with that stranger. Crazy, isn't it? Want to know something crazier? In this ABC article from November this year, Facebook's recent experiements show stats that say the sixth degree is now the 4.74 degree!
Our connectedness as a world shows the power of influence we have on each other, be it through our ideas or simply through our social connections, our interconnectedness makes the world smaller and the strangers on the streets less..strange.
Read more about six degrees on Wikipedia (There are more links if you scroll to the bottom where it says "external links". There are some fascinating ones.)
Read about the "Six Degrees of Kevin Bacon" trivia game. That's just funny and yet so incredibly mind-blowing.
Picture source:
http://futurefilm.files.wordpress.com/2010/07/footloose.jpg
Sunday, November 27, 2011
Stopping the Stereotype
I was thinking about how to create a blog post about stereotypes and Thanksgiving when I thought about how Native Americans are amongst the several frequently stereotyped groups in America. This got me thinking about the controversy over University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign's mascot, Chief Illiniwek. I found the article released by the University in 2007 regarding the NCAA's banning of the mascot. I personally don't mind the name "Fighting Illini" or the outfit of the mascot. When the Chief was first installed into the University in 1926, I think it would have been if anything an empowering and encouraging sentiment towards the natives of America. At that point, I don't think it was ever an insult nor a stereotype.
However, over time things change. Native American culture is sadly slowly fading and as the younger generations are becoming more integrated into Westernized America, they are losing touch with their native tongue, traditions, and ideals of their ancestors. Native Americans my age dress like me, talk like me, and are apart of the same school systems as I am. I can see how it would be offensive to a Native American if they saw Chief Illiniwek as representative of their culture, especially now. The article talked about how the half-time dance was offensive as well. I had never seen the dance so I did a classic youtube search and I now completely understand why the NCAA would want to ban the performance. For me, the dance portrays a mocking attitude towards Native American culture as a whole. We live in an era where stereotyping of any kind of culture is incessant and yet intolerable. I wish I could hear the perspective of a Native American because hearing their view might change mine. I think U of I has their own personal right to keep the mascot they've had for 81 years, but if the culture it represented was outraged, then I would have to respect that and let go of the tradition. At the same time, I'm sure for Illini alumni and current students, it might hurt a lot, but it being a tradition doesn't make it any less of a stereotype.
I'm clearly still very mixed on this issue...what do you think?
Sunday, November 13, 2011
Metaphorical Mysteries
In class we read chapter one of "Metaphors We Live By" by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson who talk about how metaphors are mechanisms for our perceptions of the world. They shape how we understand concepts, make meaning out of ideas, and relate to other people. I never really thought about how I just naturally incorporate metaphors not only into my everyday language but also into my writing. Metaphors shape our thoughts and have become so intrinsically involved in our language.
I took this idea further by thinking about how often musical artists use metaphors as their overarching idea for a song. I scrolled through the music in my iPod and here are some songs I found that may have some underlying metaphorical meanings:
Straightjacket Feeling- All American Rejects
Life is a Highway- Rascal Flatts
Skinny Love- Bon Iver
Broken Strings- James Morrison
Boulevard of Broken Dreams- Green Day
Just Like a Pill- Pink
How effective is a metaphor in the way that we relate to a song or an artist?
For example, Broken Strings is a song that is largely about the broken relationship between a man and woman and how it's hard to make up for the mistakes just like how strings of an instrument are unplayable when they are broken. The reason why I like this song (and why I like many songs) is because of its lyrical appeal. In my head I get the image of someone struggling to play a song on a guitar with a few snapped strings. I see frustration and I can only imagine the awful sound it would produce. Only then can I understand the struggle between this man and woman. From a songwriting perspective I've learned that it's best to take a simple idea and say it through abstract or profound lyrics which make the song more interesting. The listener then has an image attached to the idea or at least something to compare it to in order to fully understand and appreciate the meaning of the song.
Here's a psychology blog called The Metaphorical Mind that I stumbled upon. Would you agree with the blog's author, Christopher Ramey, that metaphors are a way of achieving some kind of poetic syntax which makes a text flow more easily and create an emotional or imaginative attachment? I would like to know from you to what extent do metaphors shape our thinking, learning, and overall understanding of this world? Until next time...
Sunday, October 30, 2011
How to Understand Culture
The interesting idea in this blog post is the idea of one's culture having an influence on their concept of time. Language has an effect on the way one perceives time and it also involves the culture they are used to. Some visually think of chronological time as moving from left to right, others from right to left, others from west to east, and others up and down. Why is this important to understand? We must realize that there are myriad reasons why we perceive things differently from one another. In this case, the extent to which you perceive time is dependent on your culture.
As another example, in English class, we were discussing the ways to best immerse oneself in a culture in order to fully understand and appreciate it. A general concesus was made that the best way to fully understand a culture is to be a part of it; to go out and experience it hands-on. While I also believe in that this form of immersion is the best, the class also agreed that traveling is not always the cheapest or most realistic option. We discussed one of our readings about how even museums might not be an effective way of understanding a culture because of the subjectiveness of the museum setup, despite the whole purpose of its existence. Who chooses the artifacts, the paintings, writes the signs, and chooses the pictures? And in that sense, museums influence the way that we perceive not only specific cultures, but also our understanding of history.
In another piece which we read, "The Museum Experience", the idea of a schema came up. Not only is our thinking about museums (and as a result culture, historical events, and the perception of time) affected by the people who create museums, but also by our own expectations. Even before we enter a museum we have our own pre-conceived notions based on the experiences we've heard from other visitors, adverstisements on the radio, the concept of the museum and how generally interested we are in the topic (because I think sometimes we choose what we want to understand), and many others.
It seems as if understanding a culture is a difficult phrase to define in itself. So, my question is: how do we know when we have fully "understood" a culture? If there are many factors which contribute to our understanding, when is the tipping point when we can jump up and down and say something like, "I get it! I fully understand how to be American." I mean, I don't think I even fully understand the American culture and I was born here. Since we are subjective in nature, it's interesting to think about the extent to which others have an effect on our own perception of the world.
Thoughts?
As another example, in English class, we were discussing the ways to best immerse oneself in a culture in order to fully understand and appreciate it. A general concesus was made that the best way to fully understand a culture is to be a part of it; to go out and experience it hands-on. While I also believe in that this form of immersion is the best, the class also agreed that traveling is not always the cheapest or most realistic option. We discussed one of our readings about how even museums might not be an effective way of understanding a culture because of the subjectiveness of the museum setup, despite the whole purpose of its existence. Who chooses the artifacts, the paintings, writes the signs, and chooses the pictures? And in that sense, museums influence the way that we perceive not only specific cultures, but also our understanding of history.
In another piece which we read, "The Museum Experience", the idea of a schema came up. Not only is our thinking about museums (and as a result culture, historical events, and the perception of time) affected by the people who create museums, but also by our own expectations. Even before we enter a museum we have our own pre-conceived notions based on the experiences we've heard from other visitors, adverstisements on the radio, the concept of the museum and how generally interested we are in the topic (because I think sometimes we choose what we want to understand), and many others.
It seems as if understanding a culture is a difficult phrase to define in itself. So, my question is: how do we know when we have fully "understood" a culture? If there are many factors which contribute to our understanding, when is the tipping point when we can jump up and down and say something like, "I get it! I fully understand how to be American." I mean, I don't think I even fully understand the American culture and I was born here. Since we are subjective in nature, it's interesting to think about the extent to which others have an effect on our own perception of the world.
Thoughts?
Sunday, October 16, 2011
iChange
Welcome! Read this article: Facebook changes touch privacy nerve - ABC News
iProducts, Facebook, Google, the weather. Everything is changing. "Nothing is permanent except change," said Heraclitus, an ancient Greek philosopher. It always fascinates me how our society and my generation specifically reacts to good and bad "change".
Referring to the above article, take Facebook for example. Ostensibly, there are users who are reasonably upset with the novelty changes because of lack of privatization, one of many ironic implications. The public showing of a user's every move and their lack of control over it, upsets many. On the old Book of Faces, you could easily delete "Chelsea wrote on Sara's wall". What is now permanent however, is: "Chelsea wrote: 'I had a great time at your party last night!' on Sara's wall". You can even see what other people wrote on the walls of groups they are a part of (and you might not even be a member of that same group!) However, just because you deleted something on Facebook, or anything on the Internet for that matter, doesn't mean that the information has simply disappeared out of thin air. Somewhere it still exists, your imprint is still on the world wide web. Once it's posted, it's posted forever. Deleting it simply makes it temporarily hidden. And perhaps, that's all some people want. But, does the enhanced publication really make a difference? To what extent does making something privatized a little less privatized make a difference in the long run to your public profile on a social online network? The day Facebook made it's most recent updates was the day that 1 in 10 of my friends decided to complain about it via status. Statuses like "Facebook sucks!!!", "Wtf facebook??", and "Thank you fb for giving the world ADD", made me realize the irony. Facebook is always changing, people. Don't like it? I have a solution: Get off it. These changes are obviously upsetting many youngsters. That's negative change.
Positive change: the iPhone 5. Many iPhone users thoroughly enjoy their mobile for many different reasons whether it be from a business, social, or academic perspective. Constant updates to the iPhone make life faster, easier, and more fun. No one really seems to mind these changes; many seem to anticipate it and are anxious about it, waiting in line for hours for Apple's doors to open. Why is this kind of change equally responsive but in a more positive light? Change is simple and ever evolving. People like it, people don't. If there's anything to remember folks, it's this: "Change is neither good nor bad. It simply is." (I can't find the speaker for that one.)
If you are neither a Facebook nor iPhone user, I apologize if I made this exclusive or unrelatable. But, I think we all experience change in our daily lives, from trying new foods to heading off to college. It can be absolutely frightening and positively refreshing. However, I think change isn't something to be afraid of. Sometimes we should embrace it. And all the time we should expect it.
iProducts, Facebook, Google, the weather. Everything is changing. "Nothing is permanent except change," said Heraclitus, an ancient Greek philosopher. It always fascinates me how our society and my generation specifically reacts to good and bad "change".
Referring to the above article, take Facebook for example. Ostensibly, there are users who are reasonably upset with the novelty changes because of lack of privatization, one of many ironic implications. The public showing of a user's every move and their lack of control over it, upsets many. On the old Book of Faces, you could easily delete "Chelsea wrote on Sara's wall". What is now permanent however, is: "Chelsea wrote: 'I had a great time at your party last night!' on Sara's wall". You can even see what other people wrote on the walls of groups they are a part of (and you might not even be a member of that same group!) However, just because you deleted something on Facebook, or anything on the Internet for that matter, doesn't mean that the information has simply disappeared out of thin air. Somewhere it still exists, your imprint is still on the world wide web. Once it's posted, it's posted forever. Deleting it simply makes it temporarily hidden. And perhaps, that's all some people want. But, does the enhanced publication really make a difference? To what extent does making something privatized a little less privatized make a difference in the long run to your public profile on a social online network? The day Facebook made it's most recent updates was the day that 1 in 10 of my friends decided to complain about it via status. Statuses like "Facebook sucks!!!", "Wtf facebook??", and "Thank you fb for giving the world ADD", made me realize the irony. Facebook is always changing, people. Don't like it? I have a solution: Get off it. These changes are obviously upsetting many youngsters. That's negative change.
Positive change: the iPhone 5. Many iPhone users thoroughly enjoy their mobile for many different reasons whether it be from a business, social, or academic perspective. Constant updates to the iPhone make life faster, easier, and more fun. No one really seems to mind these changes; many seem to anticipate it and are anxious about it, waiting in line for hours for Apple's doors to open. Why is this kind of change equally responsive but in a more positive light? Change is simple and ever evolving. People like it, people don't. If there's anything to remember folks, it's this: "Change is neither good nor bad. It simply is." (I can't find the speaker for that one.)
If you are neither a Facebook nor iPhone user, I apologize if I made this exclusive or unrelatable. But, I think we all experience change in our daily lives, from trying new foods to heading off to college. It can be absolutely frightening and positively refreshing. However, I think change isn't something to be afraid of. Sometimes we should embrace it. And all the time we should expect it.
Sunday, October 9, 2011
#MyFavoriteSongsEver
#MyFavoriteSongsEver has been trending on Twitter all day long today. For those of you unfamiliar with Twitter, there's this thing called a "tweet" which is the essence of Twitter. Instead of "updating your status" on Facebook, you simply "tweet" on Twitter. You can tweet about really anything, as long as it is under 140 characters. Anyway, using a hashtag (#) is a way that things trend on the network. Example tweet: " #ThatAwkwardMomentWhen you ask someone where they go to school and they answer 'the same one as you...'". You can click on that hashtag and you can see what other tweets have mentioned #ThatAwkwardMomentWhen. So today, a lot of people were tweeting about their favorite songs. I thought that I might as well share some of my favorite songs right here.
Yes, I do have to relate this to psychology so I guess this blog post should be called #MyFavoriteSongsEverWhichRelateToPsych. Enjoy :)
1. Believe - The Bravery
The best part about this song is the chorus: "So give me something to believe, cuz I am living just to breathe. So give me something more. To keep on breathing for. Give me something to believe." I like these lines because I think that we all need something to believe in at some point in our lives. Regardless of anything: race, class, age, or religion, we all experience tough times whether it be a recession, the death of a loved one, or simply getting a big, fat F on a math test. We all need to believe in something: a god, an incentive, a meaning to life. It's what helps us get through every day.
2. Different - Acceptance
This song is all about setting yourself apart from others. What makes you special? Sometimes, we don't even understand who we are or what we stand for. In times like those, we need to remember what we believe in (see previous song) and that we are each uniquely our own.
3. Free - Jes Hudak
This song was on the reality show Platinum Hit (http://www.bravotv.com/platinum-hit/season-1/about). The challenge was to create a song while on a road trip. My favorite line is, "Sometimes you've gotta leave everything you know just pick up and go. There's so much out there to see. How will you know who you can be? The hardest thing I've ever done is try to find where I belong." There's so much in the world to explore and sometimes we just need to get up and see everything. I think that sometimes we don't realize our full potential academically, socially, and culturally, because we're afraid to stretch our limits and be uncomfortable with the challenging of our own thoughts. One of the hardest things for a teenager, or a senior in high school in particular, is coming to the realization that college is right around the corner. This means a lot of responsibility and a whole lot of decision making. A lot of 17 and 18 year olds haven't a clue what their place in the world is just yet. But this song reminds me to keep an open mind and that the next few years will be difficult but it can be a very fun, eye-opening experience.
4. Good Life - OneRepublic
This song enforces the complex idea of what they call "positive psychology" (sarcasm). People who keep a positive outlook on life typically live healthier and are happier. Uh, duh. "Good Life" is a simple reminder to remember all the positive little things that make the day go well and that it's perfectly acceptable to belt out, "THIS HAS GOTTA BE THE GOOD LIFE!" Once you sing it, you'll remember really what makes this life so worth living.
Yes, I do have to relate this to psychology so I guess this blog post should be called #MyFavoriteSongsEverWhichRelateToPsych. Enjoy :)
1. Believe - The Bravery
The best part about this song is the chorus: "So give me something to believe, cuz I am living just to breathe. So give me something more. To keep on breathing for. Give me something to believe." I like these lines because I think that we all need something to believe in at some point in our lives. Regardless of anything: race, class, age, or religion, we all experience tough times whether it be a recession, the death of a loved one, or simply getting a big, fat F on a math test. We all need to believe in something: a god, an incentive, a meaning to life. It's what helps us get through every day.
2. Different - Acceptance
This song is all about setting yourself apart from others. What makes you special? Sometimes, we don't even understand who we are or what we stand for. In times like those, we need to remember what we believe in (see previous song) and that we are each uniquely our own.
3. Free - Jes Hudak
This song was on the reality show Platinum Hit (http://www.bravotv.com/platinum-hit/season-1/about). The challenge was to create a song while on a road trip. My favorite line is, "Sometimes you've gotta leave everything you know just pick up and go. There's so much out there to see. How will you know who you can be? The hardest thing I've ever done is try to find where I belong." There's so much in the world to explore and sometimes we just need to get up and see everything. I think that sometimes we don't realize our full potential academically, socially, and culturally, because we're afraid to stretch our limits and be uncomfortable with the challenging of our own thoughts. One of the hardest things for a teenager, or a senior in high school in particular, is coming to the realization that college is right around the corner. This means a lot of responsibility and a whole lot of decision making. A lot of 17 and 18 year olds haven't a clue what their place in the world is just yet. But this song reminds me to keep an open mind and that the next few years will be difficult but it can be a very fun, eye-opening experience.
4. Good Life - OneRepublic
This song enforces the complex idea of what they call "positive psychology" (sarcasm). People who keep a positive outlook on life typically live healthier and are happier. Uh, duh. "Good Life" is a simple reminder to remember all the positive little things that make the day go well and that it's perfectly acceptable to belt out, "THIS HAS GOTTA BE THE GOOD LIFE!" Once you sing it, you'll remember really what makes this life so worth living.
Thursday, September 22, 2011
My Dear Readers...
Welcome! Buckle up and enjoy the ride. For English class, I will write on this blog throughout the course of the school year and I can only hope that you enjoy every single post. Posts will encompass various topics, some of which will be assigned by our teacher and related to the English curriculum, and many of them will be topics of our choice. Additionally, we were instructed to select an overarching "umbrella" or lens through which we look at a particular topic or issue. The umbrella I chose was psychology: the way humans perceive the world and what shapes our differences in perception, what causes us to behave in a certain manner, the extent to which experiences shape our choices and personality, etc. So, my hope is that upon reading these posts you can go forth and explore the world through multiple perspectives, challenge your own thoughts and ideas, take stances, and have fun discovering what you might have thought was undiscoverable.
Okay, clearly I'm interested in the way people think and behave and the reasons for it. But I promise there's more to me. I'm athletic- I play volleyball and like to go for runs and (fun fact) do pushups when I'm bored. One of my hobbies is playing the guitar and writing songs. To me, the most important things in life are family, faith, education, and helping others. I believe that the meaning of our lives is to create our own meanings and find ways to make life worth living. As for my future, I can't wait to take on the world with open ears, open eyes, and an open mind. One of my beliefs is that life is like driving in a car: not knowing where you are or where you're headed to, but knowing that in the end it will all be worth the ride.
On a final note: comment, comment, comment! I want to hear your voice too. I don't want to talk at you but with you!
Stay tuned. It gets better!
Okay, clearly I'm interested in the way people think and behave and the reasons for it. But I promise there's more to me. I'm athletic- I play volleyball and like to go for runs and (fun fact) do pushups when I'm bored. One of my hobbies is playing the guitar and writing songs. To me, the most important things in life are family, faith, education, and helping others. I believe that the meaning of our lives is to create our own meanings and find ways to make life worth living. As for my future, I can't wait to take on the world with open ears, open eyes, and an open mind. One of my beliefs is that life is like driving in a car: not knowing where you are or where you're headed to, but knowing that in the end it will all be worth the ride.
On a final note: comment, comment, comment! I want to hear your voice too. I don't want to talk at you but with you!
Stay tuned. It gets better!
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